Lotions: Properties, uses, and packaging.

LOTIONS:

DEFINITION:

The word lotion classifies numerous topical suspensions and emulsions intended for application to the skin e.g. Calamine lotion. Lotions are not defined specifically in USP, but a broad definition describes them as liquid or semi-liquid preparations that contain one or more active ingredients in an appropriate vehicle.

PROPERTIES:

• Lotions may include antimicrobial preservatives and other suitable pharmaceutical aids such as stabilizers, fillers, or diluents.
• They are intended to be applied to the unbroken skin without friction. Medicated lotions should be used without rubbing on the skin as the chemicals or ingredients that are present in lotions can produce irritation or damage to the skin
• Preparations intended for use on damaged skin should be free from microbial contamination
• It may contain ingredients that act as emollients, humectants, and pH adjusters. They also have protective properties.
• They are preferred over semi-solid preparations because they have good spreadability, are easily washable, and are not as greasier as other semi-solids.

USES:

Antiseptic, antipruritic (Eg: Calamine lotion), astringents, germicides, and protectives, to treat skin diseases.

PREPARATION:

• Triturate the ingredients to a smooth paste and add the remaining liquid phase with trituration.

PACKAGING:

Amber-fluted glass bottles are used for extemporaneously prepared lotions. If the preparation is particularly viscous a wide-mouthed jar may be used.

LABELING:

• Shake the bottle
• Not to be applied to broken skin

SHELF LIFE:

These are generally stable preparations